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KMID : 1156220180440060572
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Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
2018 Volume.44 No. 6 p.572 ~ p.580
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Seasonal Variations of Exposure to Environmental Chemicals: Implication from the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (2012-2014)
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Hwang Moon-Young
Ryu Jung-Min
Kwon Young-Min
Hong Soo-Yeon
Park Chung-Hee
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Abstract
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Objectives: Human biomonitoring (HBM) is a measurement of the chemicals and their metabolites in human biological samples and has been successfully employed to determine the exposure levels of environmental chemicals. In this study, we analyzed seasonal variations of the blood or urinary levels of chemicals, and assessed that these differences could affect the results of association study.
Methods: The Korea National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) is a nationwide survey that analyzes exposure levels of environmental pollutants, 19 kinds of chemicals including heavy metals and organic chemicals, and the exposure factors in the general population. Based on KoNEHS data, we analyzed the levels of chemicals concentrations over the total survey period (2012-2014) and each season, and assessed the association of thyroid measures with phthalate metabolite and BPA.
Results: Exposure levels of blood mercury and lead were lower in summer compare to winter. Bisphenol A and PAHs metabolites were higher in spring and summer, but lower in autumn. VOCs metabolites were generally lower in summer and autumn. Phthalate metabolites were higher in all other seasons than in winter. Pyrethroid metabolite, 3-PBA, was higher in summer and autumn. Regarding seasonal variation of chemical exposures, the statistical significance and size of effects between thyroid measures and phthalate and BPA were changed with season.
Conclusion: Seasonal variations of chemical exposure and health outcome should be considered for interpreting biomonitoring results from a public health context.
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KEYWORD
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Biomonitoring, seasonal variation, thyroid measures, phthalates, bisphenol A
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